| Oxytocin |
polypeptide of 9 amino acids
|
uterine contraction, causes milk ejection
in lactating females, responds to suckling reflex and estradiol, lowers
steroid synthesis in testes |
Vasopressin
(antidiuretic hormone, ADH) |
polypeptide of 9 amino acids |
responds to osmoreceptor which senses extracellular
[Na+], blood pressure regulation, increases H2O
readsorption from distal tubules in kidney |
| Melanocyte-stimulating
hormones (MSH) |
a polypeptide
= 13 amino acids
b polypeptide = 18 amino acids
g polypeptide = 12 amino acids |
pigmentation |
| Corticotropin (adrenocorticotropin,
ACTH) |
polypeptide = 39 amino acids |
stimulates cells of adrenal gland to increase
steroid synthesis and secretion |
| Lipotropin (LPH) |
b polypeptide
= 93 amino acids
g polypeptide = 60 amino acids |
increases fatty acid release from adipocytes |
| Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating
hormone, TSH) |
2 proteins: a is
96 amino acids; b is 112 |
acts on thyroid follicle cells to stimulate
throid hormone synthesis |
| Growth hormone
(GH, or somatotropin) |
protein of 191 amino acids |
general anabolic stimulant, increases release
of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), cell growth and bone sulfation |
| Prolactin (PRL) |
protein of 197 amino acids |
stimulates differentiation of secretory cells
of mammary gland and stimulates milk synthesis |
| Luteinizing hormone
(LH); human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is similar and produced in placenta |
2 proteins: a is
96 amino acids; b is 121 |
increases ovarian progesterone synthesis,
luteinization; acts on Leydig cells of testes to increase testosterone
synthesis and release and increases interstitial cell development |
| Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH) |
2 proteins: a
is 96 amino acids; b is 120 |
ovarian follicle development
and ovulation, increases estrogen production; acts on Sertoli cells of
semiferous tubule to increase spermatogenesis |
